AMPLE - the music programming language

AMPLE
The music programming language


Welcome to the AMPLE home page.



© Robin Terry 2002
Site last modified 12 February 2003

This site is under construction

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History of the AMPLE language

What is AMPLE?


AMPLE is a programming language specially intended for the playback of musical compositions. It provides an alternative way of notating music in text form which is both powerful and comprehensible, combined with the standard features of a programming language such as conditional statements, loops and arithmetic operators.

When did AMPLE first appear?


AMPLE was originally conceived and implemented by Chris Jordan and David Barnett of Hybrid Technology Ltd in 1984, and was introduced as part of the Music 500 digital synthesiser system for the Acorn BBC Micro in the UK. The original version of the language (AMPLE BCE) did not allow compositions of more than modest size to be produced due to memory limitations.

A couple of years later, Hybrid overcame the memory limitations by introducing AMPLE Nucleus to support the other hardware that by then was appearing; the Music 2000 MIDI interface and the Music 4000 keyboard. The Music 500 in the meantime was rebranded as the Music 5000 and was still available. Many improvements were introduced with AMPLE Nucleus which added to the flexibility and power of the AMPLE language. Thriving libraries of AMPLE compositions were maintained, and a user group (AMPLINEX) was established.

What happened to AMPLE since then?


In 1987 Acorn introduced their Archimedes range of computers based on the newly-designed ARM processor. These were 32-bit high-speed machines with a graphical user interface, and represented a bold step on from the 8-bit BBC Micro and its derivatives. Sadly, Hybrid did not port AMPLE to the Archimedes, therefore both hardware and software development stopped.
In 1989, Acorn introduced the RISC OS operating system on the Archimedes, and this continued to be developed on subsequent machines, up until Acorn closed down its workstations division in September 1998.

What is the situation now?


RISC OS has now been taken over by
RISC OS Ltd, a non-profit making company which continues to develop the OS for desktop use. Version 4 was recently released. Other companies have stepped in to continue development and manfacture of RISC OS computers, among them Castle Technology, RiscStation and MicroDigital. Many software companies are still producing software for RISC OS machines, and of course the ARM processor used in these machines is going from strength to strength; visit the ARM Holdings website for further information.
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About RISC OS AMPLE

What is RISC OS AMPLE?


I decided back in late 1998 that I would try to produce my own implementation of AMPLE on the RISC OS platform. Rather than simply copy the old text-based operation and displays, I decided to start again from scratch and implement a fully multitasking GUI-based front end for the language. In addition to this, MIDI has become a widespread standard for the control of sound-producing equipment, and MIDI files have become a popular way of distributing music on PCs, Macs and RISC OS machines, so I decided that MIDI support had to be a central feature of the new version of AMPLE.

RISC OS AMPLE is also able to export MIDI files, so your AMPLE compositions can be enjoyed by PC users too!

Does AMPLE have a role to play in today's musical environment?


These days, MIDI sequencers and music notation editors are commonplace. These sophisticated tools allow non-programming musicians to use PCs to input, playback and print out musical compositions. So what possible use does AMPLE have these days?

The textual notation used by AMPLE strips music down to its basic level of pitches, durations and counterpoint. This helps to avoid the increasingly complicated methods that conventional music notation uses to achieve its ends, particularly in the notation of irrational rhythms. This makes AMPLE notation easy to learn compared to conventional notation, and fast for the computer to interpret and perform.

AMPLE notation also makes it simple to express music that would be very complex or impossible to express using conventional notation, particularly contemporary music.

However, the main advantage of AMPLE notation comes from the fact that it has all the flexibility of a programming language to perform calculations and make decisions on the fly, or in response to some external stimulus such as a keypress or mouseclick. This means that music that contains some element of randomness, or that can be altered during performance, is straightforward to produce on AMPLE. Most sequencer programs are not flexible enough to do this sort of thing. AMPLE is powerful enough to perform any MIDI-based music that any MIDI sequencer can perform, plus it can do things that no sequencer can do.

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Downloading RISC OS AMPLE

The RISC OS AMPLE application is supplied as a Spark archive, so you will need SparkPlug to unpack it. SparkPlug is freely available from many RISC OS websites, or (if you are a curious PC user) you can use PKUnzip to unpack it.

This application will run on any RISC OS machine equipped with RISC OS 3.10 or later, and requires 2Mb or more to run. You will also need the Toolbox modules, available from the RISC OS Ltd website if you are running RISC OS 3.50 or earlier.

I have recently tried RISC OS AMPLE with ESP's MIDI Synth Plus, and it works fine. This means you don't have to buy a MIDI podule and synthesiser to use RISC OS AMPLE.

I have developed and tested RISC OS AMPLE on RISC OS versions 3.70 and 4.00, but it should work on other versions.

RISC OS AMPLE is freeware. You are permitted to distribute the software to any third party, as long as the following conditions are satisfied:

  1. The software is not charged for
  2. None of the files in the distribution are altered in any way

Various programs are supplied in the Programs directory for you to try. The Testxx programs were used by me to test features, and you are welcome to look at them. However, they may be removed in future distributions if I need the space.

The two pieces in the Terry directory are two pieces of mine, written and performed many years ago by real people on real instruments, and re-implemented in AMPLE by me as an exercise.

I have tested the software extensively, but I cannot be held responsible for anything that might happen while you are using the software. You use it at your own risk, I'm afraid.

Download AMPLE 0.32 (213kb)


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The BBC Micro AMPLE file converter

This program will convert old BBC Micro AMPLE program files back to text, so that it is possible to manually adapt them to run under RISC OS AMPLE. The converter is quite primitive at this stage, and does not modify the file in any way.

The same conditions of distribution apply to this program as to RISC OS AMPLE.

Please be aware of copyright issues should you decide to convert someone else's BBC AMPLE file to text so that you can modify it.

Download BBCConvrt 0.04 (46kb)


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Support for Archie 0.9

Archie is a RISC OS emulator for Windows.

AMPLE 0.25 will run under Archie 0.9 with a minor modification to the !Run file within the AMPLE application. Full information on this modification is available in the AMPLE 0.25 !Help file.

I have produced an ADF file (an ADFS disk image for use under Archie) containing AMPLE 0.25 ready set up to work. You must be running RISC OS 3.11 under Archie for this to work.

Download AMPLE.ADF file for Archie (313kb)


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Some sample pieces

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RISC OS 4 screensavers

A new section on the website where I will put freeware RISC OS 4 screensavers.

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Contacting the author

You can contact the author, Robin Terry, by e-mail by clicking here.

I would be very interested to receive your comments and suggestions for improvements. If anyone produces some compositions using RISC OS AMPLE, then I may consider distributing them with the application, provided that there are no copyright problems.

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